Makna Kata Rajfah dalam Ayat-Ayat Azab: Analisis Semantik Toshihiko Izutsu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58438/alkarima.v10i2.582Keywords:
Rajfah, Semantik Al-Qur’an, Toshihiko Izutsu, Ayat Azab, Makna Qur’?nikAbstract
Kajian mengenai kosakata azab dalam Al-Qur’an umumnya lebih banyak berfokus pada penafsiran tematik dan teologis, sedangkan kajian semantik terhadap istilah tertentu seperti rajfah masih relatif terbatas, khususnya dalam perspektif Toshihiko Izutsu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makna kata rajfah dalam ayat-ayat azab menggunakan pendekatan semantik Izutsu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan yang bersumber dari ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an, kitab tafsir klasik dan modern, kamus bahasa Arab, serta literatur semantik. Analisis dilakukan terhadap makna dasar dan makna relasional kata rajfah melalui pendekatan sintagmatik, paradigmatik, sinkronik, dan diakronik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara dasar rajfah berarti guncangan atau getaran yang kuat, tetapi dalam konteks Al-Qur’an berkembang menjadi simbol azab Ilahi yang bersifat destruktif dan menakutkan. Kata ini juga memiliki relasi semantik dengan ṣaiḥah, ṣā‘iqah, dan zalzalah, serta berlawanan dengan konsep as-sukun dan aṡ-ṡabāt. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Al-Qur’an membangun konsep azab melalui dimensi linguistik, moral, dan teologis yang saling berkaitan.
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